New York Senate Passes Mandatory GHG Disclosure Bill for Large Companies

The New York State Senate has passed the Climate Corporate Data Accountability Act, which would require large U.S.-based companies with revenues over USD 1 billion to annually report their Scope 1, 2, and 3 greenhouse gas emissions. The bill now awaits signature from Governor Kathy Hochul to become law.

Under the proposed legislation, New York's Department of Environmental Conservation would adopt regulations requiring companies to report GHG emissions across all three scopes, with tiered reporting obligations beginning in 2027. The law mirrors California's SB 253, which also mandates emissions reporting for companies with revenues above USD 1 billion. California's climate reporting laws are currently being challenged in court by the U.S. Chamber of Commerce. New York's bill passed as part of a broader legislative package that also includes bans on PFAS in consumer products, stricter lead contamination standards, and new ambient air quality requirements.

New York's move reflects a growing state-level effort to fill the regulatory vacuum left by the Trump administration's retreat from federal corporate climate disclosure rules. Several U.S. states are now pursuing their own mandatory emissions reporting frameworks, creating a patchwork of requirements that multinational companies — including those operating in India — will need to navigate. The legislation also separately finalized GHG disclosure requirements for facilities in carbon-intensive sectors. For global companies with U.S. supply chains, the cumulative effect of state-level action may closely approximate a federal disclosure regime.

The bill's passage in the Senate sends it to Governor Hochul, whose signature is required for it to become law. If signed, the phased rollout beginning in 2027 would give companies several years to build reporting infrastructure. Senator Pete Harckham, the bill's sponsor, has argued that mandatory Scope 1, 2, and 3 disclosure will close loopholes in climate data collection and empower consumers and regulators alike. The legislation adds to an accelerating global trend of mandatory corporate emissions reporting, aligning directionally with frameworks in the EU, UK, and SEBI's evolving requirements in India.

Key figure — USD 1 billion revenue threshold